统计学——在经济管理中的应用
| 作者 |
| 姚寿福 |
| 丛书名 |
| 出版社 |
| 电子工业出版社 |
| ISBN |
| 9787121358395 |
| 简要 |
| 简介 |
| 内容简介书籍经济管理学书籍 本书根据经济管理类专业的特点，贯彻“学以致用”的原则，侧重于统计思维的培养和社会经济问题中统计方法的应用，培养学生运用基本统计方法解决实际经济管理问题的能力，不涉及较深的数学知识。为帮助学生更好地理解各章的理论知识，本书还编写了很多真实案例加以说明。本书内容包括绪论、统计数据的搜集和整理、总量指标与相对指标、平均指标与变异指标、抽样估计与假设检验、相关分析与回归分析、时间序列分析、统计指数。每章后附有二维码，扫描可阅读趣味小资料。本书的附录中还给出了常用统计表。为方便教学，本书免费提供电子课件、习题参考答案，读者可登录华信教育资源网www.hxedu.com.cn下载使用。本书可作为高等院校经济学类、工商管理类专业，以及职业技术学院财经类专业的教学用书，也可作为人文、社会科学等专业学生的教材或参考书，还可作为从事经济管理、企业管理工作以及科研工作的有关人员的参考书。 |
| 目录 |
| 第一章 绪论 ································································································.1 第一节 统计学的概念 ··············································································.1 第二节 统计学的研究对象、理论基础和方法 ················································.2 一、统计学的研究对象 ························································································.2 二、统计学的理论基础 ························································································.2 三、统计学的研究方法 ························································································.3 第三节 统计学的几个基本概念 ··································································.4 一、总体、总体单位与样本 ··················································································.4 二、统计标志和标志表现 ·····················································································.5 三、变异和变量 ·································································································.5 四、统计指标和指标体系 ·····················································································.6 思考与练习 ·····························································································.8 第二章 统计数据的搜集和整理 ········································································.9 第一节 统计数据的搜集 ··········································································.10 一、统计调查的概念和类型 ·················································································.10 二、统计调查方案 ·····························································································.11 三、统计调查方法 ·····························································································.14 四、统计资料的间接来源 ····················································································.19 第二节 统计整理 ···················································································.19 一、统计整理的意义和内容 ·················································································.19 二、统计分组法 ································································································.20 三、分配数列 ···································································································.23 四、统计表 ······································································································.28 思考与练习 ····························································································.31 第三章 总量指标与相对指标 ··········································································.33 第一节 总量指标 ···················································································.33 一、总量指标的概念与意义 ·················································································.33 二、总量指标的种类 ··························································································.34 三、计算总量指标应注意的问题 ···········································································.35 第二节 相对指标 ···················································································.35 一、相对指标的概念和意义 ·················································································.35 二、计划完成程度相对指标 ·················································································.36 三、结构相对指标 ·····························································································.38 四、比较相对指标 ·····························································································.39 五、比例相对指标 ·····························································································.40 六、强度相对指标 ·····························································································.40 七、动态相对指标 ·····························································································.41 八、计算和应用相对指标应注意的问题 ··································································.41 思考与练习 ····························································································.42 第四章 平均指标与变异指标 ··········································································.44 第一节 集中趋势指标—平均指标 ···························································.44 一、平均指标的基本概念与特点 ···········································································.44 二、平均指标的作用 ··························································································.45 三、平均指标的度量 ··························································································.46 第二节 集中趋势指标—位置平均数 ························································.54 一、众数 ·········································································································.54 二、中位数 ······································································································.56 三、众数、中位数和算术平均数的比较 ··································································.59 第三节 离中趋势指标—变异指标 ···························································.60 一、变异指标的概念与作用 ·················································································.60 二、全距 ·········································································································.60 三、平均差 ······································································································.61 四、异众比率 ···································································································.62 五、四分位数差 ································································································.62 六、方差与标准差 ·····························································································.63 七、变异系数 ···································································································.65 八、数据的标准化处理 ·······················································································.66 第四节 数据分布的偏态与峰度 ·································································.67 一、矩的概念 ···································································································.67 二、偏态 ·········································································································.67 三、峰度 ·········································································································.68 思考与练习 ····························································································.69 第五章 抽样估计与假设检验 ··········································································.73 第一节 抽样调查与抽样估计 ····································································.73 一、概率抽样与非概率抽样 ·················································································.73 二、抽样误差及其测度 ·······················································································.76 三、样本统计量 ································································································.79 四、抽样分布 ···································································································.80 五、参数估计的一般问题 ····················································································.84 六、一个总体参数的区间估计 ··············································································.86 七、样本量的确定 ·····························································································.91 第二节 假设检验 ···················································································.93 一、假设检验的基本思想 ····················································································.94 二、假设检验的步骤 ··························································································.94 三、假设检验中的两类错误 ·················································································.96 四、一个总体参数的假设检验 ··············································································.97 第三节 方差分析 ·················································································.101 一、方差分析的基本问题 ··················································································.102 二、单因素方差分析 ························································································.104 三、方差分析中的多重比较 ···············································································.108 思考与练习 ··························································································.109 第六章 相关分析与回归分析 ··········································································114 第一节 相关分析与回归分析的概念 ···························································114 一、相关分析的概念与类型 ···············································································.114 二、回归分析的概念与类型 ···············································································.116 三、相关分析与回归分析的关系 ·········································································.117 第二节 相关表、相关图与相关系数 ···························································118 一、相关表 ····································································································.118 二、相关图 ····································································································.119 三、相关系数 ·································································································.119 第三节 一元线性回归模型 ·····································································.122 一、一元线性回归模型 ·····················································································.122 二、一元线性回归模型参数的估计 ······································································.124 三、一元线性回归模型的统计检验 ······································································.131 四、一元线性回归模型的应用 ············································································.137 第四节 可线性化的曲线回归 ··································································.141 一、非线性相关与回归的含义 ············································································.141 二、非线性回归模型的估计 ···············································································.141 思考与练习 ··························································································.145 第七章 时间序列分析 ·················································································.150 第一节 时间序列及分析方法概述 ····························································.150 一、时间序列的概念及分类 ···············································································.150 二、时间序列分析方法 ·····················································································.153 第二节 时间序列的水平指标分析 ····························································.154 一、发展水平 ·································································································.154 二、平均发展水平 ···························································································.154 三、增减量 ····································································································.159 四、平均增减量 ······························································································.160 第三节 时间序列的速度指标分析 ····························································.160 一、发展速度 ·································································································.160 二、增减速度 ·································································································.161 三、平均发展速度 ···························································································.162 四、平均增减速度 ···························································································.163 五、速度指标的分析与应用 ···············································································.163 第四节 时间序列的成分分析 ··································································.164 一、时间序列的构成成分和分析模型 ···································································.164 二、长期趋势的测定 ························································································.165 三、季节变动分析 ···························································································.180 四、循环变动的测定 ························································································.187 思考与练习 ··························································································.188 第八章 统计指数 ·······················································································.194 第一节 统计指数的概念和分类 ·······························································.194 一、指数的概念和性质 ·····················································································.194 二、统计指数作用 ···························································································.195 三、统计指数的分类 ························································································.196 第二节 总指数的编制方法 ·····································································.198 一、简单指数 ·································································································.198 二、加权指数 ·································································································.200 第三节 指数体系和因素分析 ··································································.207 一、指数体系及其作用 ·····················································································.207 二、复杂总体总量变动的因素分析 ······································································.208 三、平均指标指数的因素分析 ············································································.213 第四节 几种常用的经济指数 ··································································.216 一、消费者价格指数和零售物价指数 ···································································.216 二、工业生产指数 ···························································································.218 三、股票价格指数 ···························································································.219 四、产品成本指数 ···························································································.222 五、空间价格指数 ···························································································.223 思考与练习 ··························································································.224 附录A 常用统计表 ·······················································································.228 参考文献 ···································································································.242 |
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